TOM'S 71 st Birthday Pictures, in Aberlady, Gifford, and Edinburgh

DIEGO PASSES HIS VIVA

                                                                 

                     Today is my 71st birthday. This morning my friend Diego Ruiz of Manchester University made it a double celebration by advising me that he passed his viva for his Ph.D. in Statistics on Friday! Congratulations Diego!!!!!!!!!

                    During 2016 Diego and his wife Diane visited me in Edinburgh and in the Lake District to interview me for an article which was subsequently published in the Bullutin of the International Society for Bayesian Analysis,
                                                                   


                                                          BAYESIAN  INTERVIEW

                                                                  ISBA BULLETIN

                On March 24th, 2018, Diego and Diane attended my 70th birthday celebrations in Edinburgh where they also befriended my friends John and Serene Hsu


                                                                           

                                                         

                                                                           

THE STATISTICS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER (UPDATED)

UK STATISTICS (according to AADD-UK)

                             Children 5-15 years: 3.62% of boys and 0.85% of girls have ADD

                              by age 25 only 15% retain a full ADD diagnosis (0.6%-1.2% of population)

                              A further 65% fulfil the criteria  in partial remission  (2%-4% of population)

                               Estimated prevalence of ADD adults is between 3% and 4%


US STATISTICS (according to Center for Disease Control)

                           11% of children (4-17) have been diagnosed with ADD (as of 2016)

                           i.e. 6 million children (43% rise since 2003)

The average age of onset is 5 for severe ADD, 7 for moderate symptoms, and 8 for mild symptoms.

                          13.2% of boys
                     
                             5.6% of girls



          6.1% of US population took stimulant medications for ADD in 2007

         Emotional development for children with ADD is 30% slower than for children without ADD

         e,g. 10 year old with ADD is typically at emotional level of 7 year old

         a 16-year-old beginning driver is using the decision making skills of an 11 or 12 year old.

        75% of boys (and 60% of girls) with ADD are hyperactive

         3 to 5% of American teens suffer from ADD

                2-4 times as many traffic violations

                  4 times as many traffic accidents

                  7 times more likely to have second accident


                 4.4% of US adult population have ADD

                   Less than 20% seek help for it

                 41.3% of these cases are severe

              During their lifetimes 12.9% of US men are diagnosed with ADD, compared with 4.9% of women,

              30 to 60% of patients diagnosed with ADD during childhood continue to be affected as adults

              Adults 5 times more likely to speed.

                50% more likely to be in serious car crash

                30% more likely to be dead by age 45

                50% of adults experience anxiety disorders

                    










                                                         

                            U.S. STATISTICS (Attitude)



ADHD Statistics: Adults with ADHD. 4.4 percent of the adult US population has ADHD, but less than 20 percent of these individuals seek help for it. 41.3% of adult ADHD cases are considered severe. During their lifetimes, 12.9 percent of men will be diagnosed with ADHD, compared to 4.9 percentof women.


                              ADD RESOURCE CENTER



                                             CDC


                                   U.S. AND AROUND THE WORLD


                                           UK Schools


                                                 

UK Prevalence & Gender Distribution. ADHD is a common disorder. In the UK, surveys of children between the ages of 5 and 15 years found that 3.62% of boys and 0.85% of girls had ADHD. Hyperkinetic Disorder is less common andprevalence estimates are around 1.5% for boys in the primary school years.14 Mar 2017

AADD-UK

SOME UK STATISTICS

BBC NEWS

A SELECTIVE HISTORY OF ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER AND A.D.H.D.

                                                                       

    Hippocrates of Kos (460-375 BC) attributed a condition comparable to ADHD to an "overbalance of fire and water".


                                                                             

    1775 Dr Melchior Adam Weikard of Bruckenau discussed 'inattentive people who 'know a little bit of all but nothing of the whole'.


                                                                         

    1798 Sir Alexander Crichton  (Westminster Hospital) described a mental state much like an inattentive subtype of ADHD.

                                                                       

                                                                     

    1845 Dr. Heinrich Hoffman of Frankfurt coined the term Hyperkinetic Syndrome for 'naughty restless children growing still more rude and wild'.



                                                                           

                                                                     

    1902  Sir George Still of King's College Hospital, London documented cases of impulsive behaviour, and called the condition  Defect of Moral Control.


                                                                              

    1922 ADHD-like symptoms were diagnosed as Minimal Brain Damage by the eugenicist Dr. Alfred Tredgold of Royal Surrey County Hospital. (The terms Minimal Brain Dysfunction and Hyperkinetic Disorder of Childhood were later used for this condition)


                                                                         

    1931  Drs. E.A. Bond and K.E. Appel of the Pennsylvania Hospital discussed the treatment of ADHD-like symptoms diagnosed since the 1920s as Post-Encephalitic Behaviour Disorder


                                                                        

    1937 Children with ADHD-like symptoms were treated with stimulant Benzedrine by Dr. Charles Bradley of Babies Hospital, New York.



                                                                         

                                                    Image from whizolosophy.com


    1961  Ritalin gained FDA approval for treating  hyperactive children.  During 1960s, stimulants were increasingly used to treat such hyperactivity.


                                                                             

                                                            Image from understood.org

    1970s. More symptoms recognized, including impulsiveness (verbal, cognitive, or motor), lack of focus, and daydreaming.

                                                                       

    1980 Name Attention Deficit Disorder invented by American Psychiatric Association.

    1987  Name in USA revised to Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder.

                                                                        

 


1996 Adderall was approved to treat ADHD



                                                                                 

    1998 American Medical Association stated that ADHD was one of the most researched "disorders"

                                   

                                                                           

The Massachussetts Institute of Technology (Dr. Joseph Biederman) and Columbia University (Dr. Jeffrey Lieberman) are regarded by the psychiatry profession as leading centres for research into the diagnosis and treatment of ADD as a supposed medical condition,

Many successful people of the past and present have been thought to be Attention Deficit and neurodiverse, including Albert Einstein, John F.Kennedy, Walt Disney, and many entertainers and athletes,

COLLAGE

UK STATISTICS   

USA STATISTICS

SCRIPT

 Attention Deficit Disorder, or ADD for short, is not really a disorder, but rather a point on the human scale . It is a persistent pattern of inattention and impulsivity that affects daily life and individual development. Children and adults with ADD often have difficulties with their brain's ability to begin an activity, organise itself, and manage tasks, and with working memory. Those of us who are also hyperactive are said to be experiencing ADHD or Attention Dficit Hyperactive Disorder,  The definitions are slightly different in the United States. Other forms of neurodiversity include autism, dyspraxia, dyslexia, dyscalculia, and Tourette's syndrome, and these sometimes overlap with ADD


                                                                     TO BE CONTINUED

 

                                                                         

                                         

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My Hoskyns-Abrahall and Hoskyns Lineage (Burke's Peerage)

                                                          KEY FACIAL MATCH
                                                               

John Hoskyns M.P. (1566-1638)

(Serjeant John Hoskins, Poet)

POEMS

Contemporary of Ben Johnson and Sir Walter Raleigh. Lived a highly dramatic life

An engraving of the Trusty Servant, from a 1579 painting by John Hoskins

John Hoskyns' son Sir Bennett assumed the Hoskyns Baronetcy

FINEM RESPICE:

Consider the end: live so that your life will be approved after your death

OR

Consider the consequences of your actions

         Jane Hoskyns Abrahall Bryant was my (Thomas Hoskyns Leonard's) great great grandmother, and Philip Hoskyns Bryant was my great grandfather

                                  MY FAMILY ANCESTRY    (includes mistake, I am not obviously descended
                                  from Abrahalls)

                                 HOSKYNS-ABRAHALLS

                                JANE HOSKYNS-ABRAHALL


                                 FATHER:, JOHN CHARLES

                                 Rev. John Charles Hoskyns Abrahall, my great great grandfather

                                 M.A. Wadham College Oxford

                                 Headmaster of King Edward's School, Bruton, Somerset (1826-1864)
                                 A Fine Scholar and Severe Disciplinarian.
                                 Hoskyns-Abrahall Tower overlooks the school campus.

                                 History of Bruton

                                 JOHN HOSKYNS-ABRAHALL


                                 FATHER: JOHN


                                 FATHER: JOHN

 Rev John Hoskyns-Abrahall. His name was legally changed to Hoskyns-Abrahall under the terms of the will of his cousin Mary Abrahall. He was therefore the first Hoskyns-Abrahall.


                                 SIR JOHN HOSKYNS, Second Baronet

                                 SIR BENNET HOSKYNS First Baronet

                                 JOHN HOSKYNS M.P.

                                 FATHER: JOHN


                          About the Hoskyns Baronets

                              Sir Bennett Hoskyns


                                                                 

                              Sir John Hoskyns, President of Royal Society

                                                   

                                                       ABRAHALLS AND HOSKYNS-ABRAHALLS


                                                                               

                                 
                                                                   Inglestone House

John Abrahall (c.1570-1640) of Ingestone House died without issue, and left his estate to his half-brother, Gilbert Abrahall (b. c.1576), who is curiously invisible in the records. He died between 1640 and 1654, leaving an only son, John Abrahall (d. 1679), who was a major in the Royalist army during the Civil War. He in turn was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, John Abrahall (d. 1703) and grandson Markey Abrahall (1684-1716), one or other of whom probably laid out the formal garden at Ingestone of which some traces remain. Markey, who was High Sheriff of Herefordshire in 1705, died unmarried at the age of 32, and left the estate to his two sisters as co-heirs. The elder sister, Mary (1682-1718), the wife of Gilbert Abrahall (1670-1723) of Ross-on-Wye, gained possession of a moiety which included Ingestone House, but of their children only one daughter survived them, and she died in 1725. Mary had left a complex and rather confused will, under which her share of the Ingestone estate passed, after her daughter's death, to her sister Benedicta (1683-1742), whose second husband was John Abrahall (d. 1734) of Cradock (Herefs). However in 1754 the Rev. John Hoskyns, rector of Peterstow (Herefs), who had been named in Mary's will as the ultimate remainder man, was successful in a legal case against Benedicta's heirs which turned on the interpretation of the (possibly not very well drafted) will, and he obtained possession of Ingestone House and the associated lands. Hoskyns' connection to the Abrahalls was remarkably distant: his grandfather, Sir Bennet Hoskyns (d. 1680), 1st bt., had married the widow of John Abrahall (b. 1622), son of Paul Abrahall (c.1574-1654) of Eaton Tregoze, whose brother Gilbert (b. c.1576) had been Mary Abrahall's great-grandfather. Despite this distant connection, however, he was obliged by the terms of Mary's will to take the name Abrahall.

The Rev. John Hoskyns-Abrahall (1692-1765), as he became, was succeeded at Ingestone by his two elder sons in turn, and they also were obliged to take the name Abrahall. James Hoskyns-Abrahall (1728-86) may have lived at Ingestone, but his brother and successor, the Rev. John Hoskyns-Abrahall (1729-1805), who was rector of Compton Martin in Somerset, did not, and it was probably at this time that the ageing Jacobean house slipped into tenant occupation and began to deteriorate. John was succeeded by his eldest son, the Rev. John Hoskyns-Abrahall (1773-1840), who held a succession of curacies in Somerset and was also non-resident. He sold the estate in 1826 to Alexander Baring, later 1st Baron Ashburton, who took down the old house and replaced it with the present smaller and more informal house, which was perhaps better suited to the needs of his tenants.

CONCLUSION: I am not, after all, descended from the Abrahalls in any direct way. Alas,no hedgehog heraldic motif, unless any Hoskyns-Abrahalls subsequently incorporated this into their coat-of-arms

                                                                                

       

                                                              

                           UPDATE 9th June 2019   But so it was!!!!